A Compilation Of The Canadian Copyright Cases Decided In 2011
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ACOMPILATIONOFTHECANADIANCOPYRIGHTCASESDECIDEDIN2011
L
AURENTCARRIÈRE*
ROBIC,
LLP
L
AWYERS,PATENT&TRADEMARKAGENTS
First,agenerallisting.
1429539OntarioLimitedv.CaféMirageInc.,2011CarswellNat4648,2011FC1290,97C.P.R.(4th)
95,http://canlii.ca/en/ca/fct/doc/2011/2011fc1290/2011f
c1290.html(F.C.;2011-11-09)
9077-6204Québecinc.v.Blanchard,2011CarswellQue369,JE2011-482,2011QCCQ205,
http://canlii.ca/fr/qc/qccq/doc/2011/2011qccq205/201
1qccq205.html(Que.Ct.;2011-01-18)
AccessCopyrightInterimPost-SecondaryEducationalInstitutionTariff,2011-2013,92CPR(4th)
434,[2011]CBD2,[2011]DCDA2,http://www.cb-cda.gc.ca/decisions/2011/20110316.pdf
(Cop.Bd.;
2011-03-16)
AndréRodriguePeintredécorateurinc.v.RodriguePeintredécorateurltée,2011QCCS6797,2011
CarswellQue14499,http://canlii.ca/fr/qc/qccs/doc/2011/2011qccs6797/20
11qccs6797.html(Que.
Sup.Ct.;2011-12-20)
BBMCanadav.ResearchinMotionLimited*2011CarswellNat2621,2011FCA151,2011CAF151,
93CPR(4th)1,419NR166,http://www.canlii.org/en/ca/fca/doc/2011/2011fca151/
2011fca151.html
(F.C.A.;2011-05-05)
Canada(HumanRightsCommission)v.Warman*2010CarswellNat4440,2010CarswellNat4818,
378FTR299,2010FC1198,2010CF1198,
http://www.canlii.org/en/ca/fct/doc/2010/2010fc1198/
2010fc1198.html(F.C.;2010-11-29);revd2011
CarswellNat4389,2011FCA297,http://canlii.ca/en/ca/fca/doc/2011/2011fca297/2011f
ca297.html
(F.C.A.;2011-10-06)
CanadianCoastGuard,Sydney,N.S.,forthereproductionof”Chaudièresmarine,questionset
réponses”astranslatedbyW.D.Ewartfrom”MarineBoilersQuestionsandAnswers”byG.T.H.
Flanaganandpublishedin1984byStanfordMaritime,LondonUK[Applicationby],File2010-UO/TI-
13;2011CarswellNat805,alsoavailableathttp://www.cb-cda.gc.ca/unlocatable-
introuvables/licences/251-e.pdf(Cop.Bd.;2011-02-05)
CanadianRadio-televisionandTelecommunicationsCommission’sBroadcastingRegulatoryPolicy
CRTC2010-167andBroadcastingOrderCRTC2010-168(Re),2011CarswellNat398,2011FCA
64,91CPR(4th)389,413NR312,[2011]FCJ197,
http://www.canlii.org/en/ca/fca/doc/2011/2011fca64/2
011fca64.html(F.C.A.;2011-02-28);leaveto
appealtotheSupremeCourtofCanada,http://scc.lexum.org/en/news_release/2011/11-09-29.3
a/11-
09-29.3a.hml(S.C.C.;2011-09-29)
©CIPS,2012.
*Lawyerandtrade-markagent,LaurentCarrièreisapartnerwithROBIC,LLP,amultidisciplinaryfirm
oflawyers,patentandtrademarkagents.PublishedaspartofareleasetotheCanadianCopyrightAct
Annotated(Carswell).Publication419.
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2
Can-AutoInspectionsInc.v.VascorLtd.
2010BCSC1895,
http://www.canlii.org/en/bc/bcsc/doc/2010/2010bcsc1895/2010bcsc1895.html(B.C.S.C.-Bifurcation;
2010-12-16)2011CarswellBC3197,2011BCSC1644,
http://www.canlii.org/en/bc/bcsc/doc/2011/2011bcsc1644/2011bcsc1644.html(B.C.S.C.;2011-12-01)
Centrecollégialdedéveloppementdematérieldidactique(CCDMD)forthereproductionofaposter
createdbytheartistsgroupKukryniksy[Applicationby],File2010-UO/TI-20;2011CarswellNat4022,
alsoavailableat
http://www.cb-cda.gc.ca/unlocatable-introuvables/licences/253-e.pdf(Cop.Bd.;
2011-08-30)
Century21CanadaLimitedPartnershipv.RogersCommuniationsInc.2011CarswellBC2348,2011
BCSC119696CPR(4th)1,[2011]BCWLD8061,[2011]BCWLD8057,[2011]BCWLD7991,[2011]
BCWLD7990,[2011]BCWLD7989,[2011]BCWLD7988,[2011]BCWLD7960,[2011]BCWLD
7948,[2011]BCWLD7947,[2011]BCWLD7944,[2011]BCWLD7943,[2011]BCWLD7942,[2011]
BCWLD7941,[2011]BCWLD7939,[2011]BCWLD7985,[2011]BCWLD7984,[2011]BCWLD
7983,[2011]BCWLD7925,[2011]BCWLD8051,[2011]BCWLD8050,[2011]BCWLD8049,[2011]
BCWLD8048,[2011]BCWLD8047,[2011]BCWLD8042,[2011]BCWLD7998,[2011]BCWLD
7997,[2011]BCWLD7996,[2011]BCWLD7995,[2011]BCWLD7994,[2011]BCWLD7993,[2011]
BCWLD7992,[2011]BCJ1679,338DLR(4th)32,
http://www.canlii.org/en/bc/bcsc/doc/2011/2011bcsc1196/2011bcsc1196.html(B.C.S.C.;2011-09-02)
Dicksonv.TheQueen*,2011TCC153,
http://www.canlii.org/en/ca/tcc/doc/2011/2011tcc153/2011tcc153.html(TaxCourt;2011-03-10)
DishNetworkL.L.C.v.Rex*2011CarswellBC2124.2011BCSC1105,[2011]BCWLD7345,[2011]
BCWLD7373,[2011]BCWLD.7372,8CPC(7th)264,
http://www.canlii.org/en/bc/bcsc/doc/2011/2011bcsc1105/2011bcsc1105.html(B.C.S.C.;2011-08-15)
EducationalRights2012-2016Re(Useofbroadcastprogramsbyeducationalinstitutions(2012-
2016)),2011CarswellNat5316,
http://www.cb-cda.gc.ca/decisions/2011/20111223.pdf(Cop.Bd.;
2011-12-23)
Esin(CollinsonConvenience)(Re)*,2011CanLII10877,
http://canlii.ca/en/on/onagc/doc/2011/2011canlii10877/2011canlii10877.html(Ont.Alcohooland
GamingCommission;2011-02-03)
Fabrikantv.Swany2011CarswellQue2903,JE2011-651,2011QCCS1385,
http://www.canlii.org/en/qc/qccs/doc/2011/2011qccs1385/2011qccs1385.html(Que.Sup.Ct.;2011-
03-25);motiontodismisstheappealgranted2011CarswellQue13240,2011QCCA2205,
http://www.canlii.org/en/qc/qcca/doc/2011/2011qcca2205/2011qcca2205.html(Que.C.A.;2011-11-
28)
FlowFilmsv.GlobalWealthTradeCorporation,2011CarswellOnt899,2011ONSC1185,
http://canlii.ca/en/on/onsc/doc/2011/2011onsc1185/2011onsc1185.html(Ont.Sup.Ct.;2011-02-15)
FormationetgestionPro-SantéM.R.Inc.v.Sampietro,2011CarswellQue8768,2011QCCS4256,
JE2011-1835,
http://www.canlii.org/fr/qc/qccs/doc/2011/2011qccs4256/2011qccs4256.html(Que.
Sup.Ct.;2011-08-10)
Gagnév.R.*2011QCCA2157,
http://www.canlii.org/fr/qc/qcca/doc/2011/2011qcca2157/2011qcca2157.html(Que.C.A.;2011-11-22)
HarmonyConsultingLtd.v.G.A.FossTransportLtd.,2011CarswellNat1922,92CPR(4th)6,[2011]
FCJ451,2011CF340,2011FC340,
http://www.canlii.org/en/ca/fct/doc/2011/2011fc340/2011fc340.html((F.C.;2011-03-18);2011FC540,
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3
http://canlii.ca/en/ca/fct/doc/2011/2011fc540/2011f
c540.html(F.C.-Costs;2011-05-10)
InterimtariffofleviestobecollectedbyCPCCin2012and2013onthesaleofblankaudiorecording
mediainCanada,http://www.cb-cda.gc.ca/decisions/2011/20112112.pdf
(Cop.Bd.;2011-12-19)
Khanv.Tajdin,[2011]ACF10,[2011]FCJ10,329DLR(4th)521,2011CarswellNat12,2011FC14,
http://www.canlii.org/en/ca/fct/doc/2011/2011fc14/2011fc14.html(F.C.;2011-01-07);endorsement
2011CanLII69798,
http://canlii.ca/en/ca/fct/doc/2011/2011canlii69798/2011canlii69798.html(F.C.;
2011-03-04);2011CarswellNat1888,2011FCA172,93CPR(4th)411,2011FCA17,
http://canlii.ca/en/ca/fca/doc/2011/2011fca172/2011fca172.html(F.C.A.-RequestforStay;2011-05-
19)
Latourv.6921086Canadainc.(Édikom),2011QCCQ14817,
http://www.canlii.org/fr/qc/qccq/doc/2011/2011qccq14817/2011qccq14817.html(QueCt-SmallClaims;
2011-11-09)
LaurierGlassLtd.v.SimplicityComputerSolutionsInc.2011CarswellOnt1580,2011ONSC1510,
80BLR(4th)305,
http://www.canlii.org/en/on/onsc/doc/2011/2011onsc1510/2011onsc1510.html
(OntSupCt;2011-03-10
LayetteMinimômeinc.v.Jarrar,2011CarswellQue3904,JE2011-907,2011QCCS1743,
http://canlii.ca/fr/qc/qccs/doc/2011/2011qccs1743/2011qccs1743.html(Que.Sup.Ct.;2011-04-11)
LietteCoutureArtsgraphiquesinc.c.ServicesimmobiliersVersaillesDBinc.,2011QCCQ14165,
http://www.canlii.org/fr/qc/qccq/doc/2011/2011qccq14165/2011qccq14165.html(Que.Ct.-Small
claims;2011-11-15)
LouisVuittonMalletierS.A.v.SinggaEnterprises(Canada)Inc.,2011CarswellNat470,92CPR(4th)
76,[2011]FCJ288,2011FC247,
http://canlii.ca/en/ca/fct/doc/2011/2011fc247/2011fc247.html(F.C.-
MotiontoStrike;2011-03-01);2011CarswellNat2317,[2011]FCJ908,2011FC776,95CPR(4th)
297,
http://www.canlii.org/en/ca/fct/doc/2011/2011fc776/2011fc776.html(F.C.-SummaryTrial;2011-
06-27)
M&EHermanosInc(VillageMart)(Re)*2011CanLII31670,
http://canlii.ca/en/on/onagc/doc/2011/2011canlii31670/2011canlii31670.html(Ont.Alcohooland
GamingCommission;2011-05-19)
Mitchinson(Wendy)forthereproductionandthecommunicationtothepublicbythe
telecommunicationofthreeimagespublishedinTheCanadianHomeJournalinaarticleentitled”The
Media,Gendered,FatandOtherProblematicBodies”[Applicationby]File:2011-UO/TI-1;also
availableat
http://www.cb-cda.gc.ca/unlocatable-introuvables/licences/257-e.pdf(Cop.Bd.;2011-09-
30)
NolinBBDO,forthesynchronization,reproductionandcommunicationtothepublicby
telecommunicationofanexcerptofamusicalworkentitled”Letempsestbon”writtenbyStéphane
VenneandpublishedbyJFMInvestmentsInc.in1972[Applicationby],File2011-UO/TI-24;also
availableat
http://www.cb-cda.gc.ca/unlocatable-introuvables/licences/255-f.pdf(Cop.Bd.;2011-09-
26)
PCFAngleMortFilmInc.forthereproduction,synchronizationandpublicperformanceofanextract
ofatelevisionseriesentitled”MariadelBarrio”Applicationby],File2010-UO/TI-17;2011CarswellNat
829,alsoavailableat
http://www.cb-cda.gc.ca/unlocatable-introuvables/licences/252-e.pdf(Cop.Bd.;
2011-02-21)
Perfect10,Inc.v.Google,Inc.,UnreportedT-1591-09(F.C.-Prot.;2010-07-15);affd2011
CarswellNat89,91CPR(4th)444,[2011]FCJ458,2011FC348,
http://canlii.ca/en/ca/fct/doc/2011/2011fc348/2011fc348.html(F.C.;2011-03-21)
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Pintov.BronfmanJewishEducationCenter*
,2011QCCS3458,
http://canlii.ca/fr/qc/qccs/doc/2011/2011qccs3458/2011qccs3458.html(Que.Sup.Ct.;2011-07-13)
Post-SecondaryEducationalInstitutions,Re2011CarswellNat3544
http://www.cb-
cda.gc.ca/decisions/2011/20110908.pdf(Cop.Bd.;2011-09-08)
ProductionsPhi-Brassard(Jimmy)Inc.,Quebec,forthereproduction,synchronizationandpublic
performanceofanexcerptofamusicalrecordingentitled”SeeburgBackgroundMusicRecordBA-
109A”inashortfilm,[Applicationby],File2011-UO/TI-05;2011CarswellNat4023,alsoavailableat
http://www.cb-cda.gc.ca/unlocatable-introuvables/licences/254-e.pdf(Cop.Bd..;2011-08-30)
PublicPerformanceofMusicalWorks,Re2011CarswellNat2658,
http://www.cb-
cda.gc.ca/decisions/2011/CBCRadioTariff1C-Motifsdedecision.pdf(Cop.Bd.;2011-07-08)
PublicPerformanceofSoundRecordings,Re2011CarswellNat2797,
http://www.cb-
cda.gc.ca/decisions/2011/ReSound-6-A-Decision.pdf(Cop.Bd.;2011-07-15)
R.v.Fiset,2011CarswellQue1683,2011QCCQ1344,JE2011-436,2011CarswellQue11968,
(Englishtransaltion)
http://canlii.ca/fr/qc/qccq/doc/2011/2011qccq1344/2011qccq1344.html(Que.Ct.
-Crim.;2011-02-21)
R.v.Gravel,2011QCCQ2517,EYB2011-188863,
http://canlii.ca/fr/qc/qccq/doc/2011/2011qccq2517/2011qccq2517.html(Que.Ct.–Crim;2011-03-24)
R.v.Phillips*,2011ONSC1881,
http://canlii.ca/en/on/onsc/doc/2011/2011onsc1881/2011onsc1881.html(Ont.Sup.Ct.;2011-03-25);
2011CarswellOnt2057,2011ONSC1892,
http://canlii.ca/en/on/onsc/doc/2011/2011onsc1892/2011onsc1892.html(Ont.Sup.Ct.;2011-03-25)
Re:Soundv.MotionPictureTheatreAssociationofCanada,2009CarswellNat2889,78CPR(4th)64
(Cop.Bd.;2009-00-16);affd2011CarswellNat429,2011FCA70,415NR10,[2011]FCJ292,
http://www.canlii.org/en/ca/fca/doc/2011/2011fca70/2011fca70.html(F.C.A.;2011-02-25);leaveto
appealtotheSupremeCourtofCanadagranted2011CanLII56032,
http://canlii.ca/fr/ca/csc-
a/doc/2011/2011canlii56032/2011canlii56032.html(S.C.C.;2011-09-08)]
ReprographicReproduction2011-2013,Re2010CarswellNat5028,2010CarswellNat5029,92CPR
(4th)434,
http://www.cb-cda.gc.ca/decisions/2010/decision_of_the_board.pdf(Cop.Bd.;2010-12-13);
var.2011CarswellNat2254,93CPR(4th)429,
http://www.cb-
cda.gc.ca/decisions/2011/20110407.pdf(Cop.Bd.-ApplicationtovaryanInterimTariff;2011-04-07);
additionalreasonsat2011CarswellNat2429,
http://www.cb-cda.gc.ca/decisions/2011/20110628.pdf
(Cop.Bd.:2011-06-28)and2011CarswellNat3708,http://www.cb-
cda.gc.ca/decisions/2011/20110923.pdf(Cop.Bd.;2011-09-23)
Rhodesv.CieAmwayCanada*2011CarswellNat4872,2011FC1341,
http://decisions.fct-
cf.gc.ca/en/2011/2011fc1341/2011fc1341.pdf(F.C.;2011-11-23)
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Robertsonv.ProquestLearning&InformationLLC,
84CPR(4th)224,2010CarswellOnt3972,2010
CanLII31314,
http://www.canlii.org/en/on/onsc/doc/2010/2010canlii31314/2010canlii31314.html(Ont.
Sup.Ct.;2010-06-11);2011CarswellOnt1088,2011ONSC1184(Ont.Sup.Ct.–Feesapproval;
2011-02-22);2011ONSC1647;
http://canlii.ca/en/on/onsc/doc/2011/2011onsc1647/2011onsc1647.html(Ont.Sup.Ct.;2011-03-15),
2011CarswellOnt2923,2011ONSC2629,
http://canlii.ca/en/on/onsc/doc/2011/2011onsc2629/2011onsc2629.html(Ont.Sup.Ct.-Approvalof
Settlement;2011-05-02);2011CarswellOnt1770,2011ONSC1647(Ont.Sup.Ct.;2011-03-15)
Robinsonv.FilmsCinarInc.2011CarswellQue7652,2011QCCA1361,
http://www.canlii.org/fr/qc/qcca/doc/2011/2011qcca1361/2011qcca1361.html(Que.C.A.;2011-07-
20);applicationsforleavetoappealtotheSupremeCourtofCanadafiled2011CarswellQue11024,
2011CarswellQue11521,2011CarswellQue11982,2011CarswellQue10416(S.C.C.);2011QCCA
2305
,http://www.canlii.org/fr/qc/qcca/doc/2011/2011qcca2305/2011qcca2305.html(Que.C.A.-Stay;
2011-12-09)
SeguraMosquerav.UniversityofToronto*2011HRTO464,
http://canlii.ca/en/on/onhrt/doc/2011/2011hrto464/2011hrto464.html(Ont.HumanRightsTrib.;2011-
03-07)
Seidelv.TelusCommunicationsInc.*2008CarswellBC1490,2008BCSC933,295DLR(4th)511,
[2008]BCWLD7491,[2008]BCWLD7528,85BCLR(4th)372(B.S.S.C.;2008-07-16)revd2009
CarswellBC608,2009BCCA104,[2009]BCWLD1852,[2009]BCWLD2019,[2009]BCWLD2020,
[2009]BCWLD2021,[2009]BCWLD2028,[2009]BCWLD2056,88BCLR(4th)212,[2009]5WWR
466,68CPC(6th)57,267BCAC266,450WAC266,304DLR(4th)564(B.C.C.A.;2009-03-13)
revdinpart2011CarswellBC553,2011SCC15,JE2011-498,[2011]BCWLD2572,[2011]BCWLD
2568,[2011]BCWLD2565,[2011]BCWLD2563,[2011]BCWLD2558,[2011]BCWLD2557,[2011]
BCWLD2556,[2011]BCWLD2651,[2011]BCWLD2643,16BCLR(5th)1,329DLR(4th)577,
[2011]6WWR229,1CPC(7th)221,412NR195,82BLR(4th)1,301BCAC1,510WAC1,[2011]
1SCR.531,
http://www.canlii.org/fr/ca/csc/doc/2011/2011csc15/2011csc15.html(S.C.C.;2011-03-
18)
SetantaSportsCanadaLimitedv.840341AlbertaLtd.(Brew’inTaphouse),2011FC709,[2011]FCJ
987,
http://www.canlii.org/en/ca/fct/doc/2011/2011fc709/2011fc709.html(FC;2011-06-16)
SetantaSportsCanadaLimitedv.GentileEnterprisesInc.(AcetiPizzeria&Pasta),2011CarswellNat
136,2011FCJ84,2011FC64,
http://canlii.ca/en/ca/fct/doc/2011/2011fc64/2011fc64.html(FC;
2011-01-20);2011CarswellNat697,2011FC99,
http://canlii.ca/en/ca/fct/doc/2011/2011fc99/2011fc99.html(F.C.-Contempt;2011-01-27)
Simardv.Sorel-Tracy(Villede)*,2011QCCQ2622,
http://www.canlii.org/fr/qc/qccq/doc/2011/2011qccq2622/2011qccq2622.html(Que.Ct.-Jurisdiction;
2011-03-25);2011QCCQ5936,
http://canlii.ca/fr/qc/qccq/doc/2011/2011qccq5936/2011qccq5936.html(Que.Ct.-SmallClaims;
2011-06-10)
Sociétédesauteursderadio,télévisionetcinéma(SARTEC)v.Marcheterre*,2011QCCS3562,
http://www.canlii.org/fr/qc/qccs/doc/2011/2011qccs3562/2011qccs3562.html#_ftn37(Que.Sup.Ct.;
2011-07-07)
SocietyofComposer,AuthorsandMusicPublishersofCanadav.IICEnterprisesLtd.(Cheetah’s
Nightclub),2011CarswellNat3810,2011CarswellNat4613,2011FC1088,2011CF1088(F.C.-
Proth.;2011-09-21);affd.2011CarswellNat5087,2011FC1088,
http://www.canlii.org/en/ca/fct/doc/2011/2011fc1399/2011fc1399.html,http://decisions.fct-
cf.gc.ca/en/2011/2011fc1399/2011fc1399.html(F.C.;2011-12-01)
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Suttiev.Canada(AttorneyGeneral),
2011CarswellNat1007,2011FC119,90CPR(4th)131,2011
FC119,
http://www.canlii.org/en/ca/fct/doc/2011/2011fc119/2011fc119.html(F.C.;2011-02-02)
Taddo(Catherine)forthemechanicalreproductionandthecommunicationtothepublicby
telecommunicationofamusicalworkentitled”MenareLikeStreetCars”byLouisJordanorCharley
Jordan[Applicationby],File2011-UO-TI-13;alsoavailableat
http://www.cb-cda.gc.ca/unlocatable-
introuvables/licences/256-e.pdf(Cop.Bd.;2011-09-30)
TargetEventProductionLtdv.Cheung,2011CarswellNat148,2011FC83,
http://canlii.ca/en/ca/fct/doc/2011/2011fc83/2011fc83.html(FC-Costs;2011-01-25)
Thomasv.Brand-uMediainc.,2011QCCQ395,
http://canlii.ca/en/qc/qccq/doc/2011/2011qccq395/2011qccq395.html(Que.Ct.-SmallClaims;2011-
01-20)
TonyMartinv.ClaimsAdministrator,2011ONSC1184,
http://canlii.ca/en/on/onsc/doc/2011/2011onsc1184/2011onsc1184.html(Ont.Sup.C.2011-02-22)
Toronto(City)(Re),2011CanLII43646,
http://canlii.ca/en/on/onipc/doc/2011/2011canlii43646/2011canlii43646.html(OntInformationand
PrivacyCommissioner.;2011-06-30)
Tucows.ComCo.v.LojasRennerS.A.*,2010CarswellOnt10841,2010ONSC5851,94CPR(4th)
116,334DLR(4th)564,87BLR(4th)282
http://canlii.ca/en/on/onsc/doc/2010/2010onsc5851/2010onsc5851.html(Ont.Sup.Ct.;2011-10-28);
revd,2011CarswellOnt8081,2011ONCA548,95CPR(4th)49,7CPC(7th)35,106OR(3d)561,
336DLR(4th)443,87BLR(4th)42
http://canlii.ca/en/on/onca/doc/2011/2011onca548/2011onca548.html(Ont.C.A.;2011-08-05)
Uniondesproducteursagricolesv.LaVieagricole*2011CanLII43694,
http://canlii.ca/fr/qc/qccpq/doc/2011/2011canlii43694/2011canlii43694.html(Que.ConseildePresse;
2011-04-29)
UnitedStatesofAmericav.Orphanou*2010ONSC2153,
http://canlii.ca/en/on/onsc/doc/2010/2010onsc2153/2010onsc2153.html(Ont.Sup.Ct.;2010-04-28);
affd.2011ONCA612,
http://canlii.ca/en/on/onca/doc/2011/2011onca612/2011onca612.html(OntCA;
2011-09-27)
ValenceTechnology,Inc.v.PhostechLithiumInc.*2011CarswellNat380,2011CarswellNat1269,
92CPR(4th)123,2011FC174,2011CF174,
http://www.canlii.org/en/ca/fct/doc/2011/2011fc174/2011fc174.html(F.C.;2011-02-17)[2011FCA
107,
http://www.canlii.org/en/ca/fca/doc/2011/2011fca107/2011fca107.html(FCA-Stay;2011-03-18);
affd2011CarswellNat3238,2011CarswellNat3239,96CPR(4th)207,2011CAF237,2011FCA
237,
http://www.canlii.org/en/ca/fca/doc/2011/2011fca237/2011fca237.html(F.C.A.;2011-08-17)
VelsoftTrainingMaterialsInc.v.GlobalCoursewareInc.,2011NSSC274,
http://canlii.ca/en/ns/nssc/doc/2011/2011nssc274/2011nssc274.html(N.S.S.C.;2011-07-06)
VoltagePicturesLLCv.JaneDoe,2011CarswellNat4129,2011FC1024,
http://www.canlii.org/en/ca/fct/doc/2011/2011fc1024/2011fc1024.html(F.C.;2011-08-29
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Now,asectionbysectionanalysisofthose2011Ca
nadiancases.
Definitions·Section2–Interpretation
Statutoryinterpretationrequiresconsiderationoftheordinarymeaningofthewords
usedandtheirstatutorycontext.
BBMCanadav.ResearchinMotionLimited*2011FCA151(F.C.A.;2011-05-05)
DawsonJ
.
[22]Itiswell-establishedthatstatutoryinterpretationrequiresconsiderationofthe
ordinarymeaningofthewordsusedandtheirstatutorycontext.Thiswasexplained
bytheSupremeCourtinCanadaTrustcoMortgageCo.v.Canada,2005SCC54
(CanLII),[2005]2S.C.R.601atparagraph10andreiteratedinCelgeneCorp.v.
Canada(AttorneyGeneral),2011SCC1(CanLII),2011SCC1atparagraph21.In
thatcasetheSupremeCourtquotedfromandcommentedonCanadaTrustcoas
follows:21.[…]:
Ithasbeenlongestablishedasamatterofstatutoryinterpretationthat“the
wordsofanActaretobereadintheirentirecontextandintheirgrammatical
andordinarysenseharmoniouslywiththeschemeoftheAct,theobjectof
theAct,andtheintentionofParliament”:see65302BritishColumbiaLtd.v.
Canada,1999CanLII639(SCC),[1999]3S.C.R.804,atpara.50.The
interpretationofastatutoryprovisionmustbemadeaccordingtoatextual,
contextualandpurposiveanalysistofindameaningthatisharmoniouswith
theActasawhole.Whenthewordsofaprovisionarepreciseand
unequivocal,theordinarymeaningofthewordsplayadominantroleinthe
interpretiveprocess.Ontheotherhand,wherethewordscansupportmore
thanonereasonablemeaning,theordinarymeaningofthewordsplaysa
lesserrole.Therelativeeffectsofordinarymeaning,contextandpurposeon
theinterpretiveprocessmayvary,butinallcasesthecourtmustseekto
readtheprovisionsofanActasaharmoniouswhole.[para.10.]
Thewords,ifclear,willdominate;ifnot,theyyieldtoaninterpretationthatbest
meetstheoverridingpurposeofthestatute.[emphasisadded]
·Section2–DefinitionofArchitecturalwork
Foraworktobeheldoriginal,thereisnorequirementforspecialartisticquality.
However,toattracttheprotectionoftheCopyrightAct,theworkmustfallwithinone
ofthecategoriesandafenceisnotanarchitecturalworknoranartisticwork.
9077-6204Québecinc.v.Blanchard,2011QCCQ205(Que.Ct.;2011-01-18)
ArchambaultJ.
[70]Pourêtrejugéeoriginale,uneoeuvren’apasàavoirdequalitésartistiques
particulières.
[181]Appliquantcesprincipesdansleprésentdossier,leTribunalestd’opinion
quelaconceptiondelarésidencedu[…]etsaconstructionparledemandeur
Legaultetsacompagnie,constitueuneœuvreouuneœuvrearchitecturaleau
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sensdela
Loisurledroitd’auteur.Ilenestdemêmepourlesplansdela
résidence;
[182]Mais,leTribunalestd’opinionqu’iln’enestpasdemêmepourlaconception
etlaconstructiondelaclôtureentourantlapropriétédu[…].Celles-cine
constituentpasuneœuvre,niuneœuvrearchitecturale,niuneœuvreartistiquean
sensdelaLoisurledroitd’auteuretce,pourlesraisonssuivantes:[…]
[185]Selonlesprincipesd’interprétationetl’utilisationdusenscourantetusueldes
mots,uneclôturepeutdifficilemententrerdansl’uneoul’autredesdéfinitions
précitées;
[186]Forceestdeconstaterque,suivantlesdéfinitionsprécitées[CopyrightAct
andLeNouveauPetitRobertdelalanguefrançaise],uneclôturenepeutêtre
assimiléeàunbâtimentouédifice;
[190]Dansleprésentdossier,lesdemandeurstententd’assimilerlaclôtureàla
bâtisseelle-même,d’enfaireuneœuvreindépendanteouformantuntoutausens
delaLoisurledroitd’auteur;
[191]Avecrespect,leTribunalnepeutsuivreceraisonnement.Eneffet,le
Tribunalestd’opinionquelesdemandeursn’ontpasdémontrél’originalitédela
clôtureparrapportàd’autrestypesdeclôturedetype«palissade»;
[213]Pourtoutescesraisons,leTribunalestd’opinionquelaconceptionetla
constructiondelaclôturedu[…]neconstituentpasuntoutouunamalgameavec
larésidence,commel’ontprétendumessieursLegaultetBeaulieu.Laclôturedu
[…]estunsimpleaccessoireàladiterésidenceetneconstituepasuneœuvre,ni
uneœuvrearchitecturaleouartistiqueausensdelaLoisurledroitd’auteur;
·Section2–DefinitionofArtisticwork
ApplyingthecautionarywarningofCCHCanadianLtd.vTheLawSocietyofUpper
Canada,2004SCC13,itwasheldthatcopyrightmaysubsistinarestaurantmenu
sincetheexerciseofskillandjudgmentwasnotsotrivialthatitcouldbe
characterizedasapurelymechanicalexercise.
1429539OntarioLimitedv.CaféMirageInc.,2011FC1290(F.C.;2011-11-09)
MandaminJ.
[113]However,CCH[CCHCanadianLtd.vTheLawSocietyofUpperCanada,
2004SCC13]cautionsthattheexerciseofskillandjudgmentmustnotbesotrivial
thatitcouldbecharacterizedasapurelymechanicalexercise.Withregardsto
restaurantmenus,itispossibletoenvisionamenuthatislittlemorethana
standardlistoffooditemswithubiquitousdescriptions,pricesandsomeidentifying
informationsuchastherestaurant’sname,locationandstorehours.Whilethe
creationofsuchamenuwouldinevitablybeanexerciseofsomeskilland
judgmentinsofarastheauthorisrequiredtodeterminewhichitemsaretobe
included,theprices,andpossiblytheorderorgroupingoftheitems,itislessclear
whetheranexerciseofskillandjudgmentsodescribedcouldbecategorizedasa
purelymechanicalexerciseandthusnotanoriginalworkforthepurposesof
copyrightprotection.However,whereanauthordemonstratesademinimislevelof
intellectualeffortsuggestingmorethanapurelymechanicalexerciseofskilland
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judgment,theresultingmenuwouldbean“original”
workandprotectedunderthe
CopyrightAct.
[114]ThenewSymposiumCafémenuconsistsofthedepictionoftheSchoolof
Athensart,theinclusionofitstrade-markexpressions,photographsofmenu
selections,descriptionsextollingthemenuitemsandprices.Mr.Argiropoulos
describedtheprocessofselectingthefooditemsandgeneratingdescriptionsthat
achievedtheeffecttheywerestrivingforaspartoftheSymposiumCaféconcept.It
isclearthatthoughtwasgiventothemenufooditemstobeincluded,the
phraseologyusedindescriptionsandthelinkingwithimagestoassociatethe
menuwiththeSymposiumconcept.IamsatisfiedthatMr.Argiropouloshas
describedaprocessthatmeetsthestandardofanexerciseofskillandjudgmentin
themenuselection,arrangementanddesigntoestablishcopyright.
·Section2–DefinitionofArtisticwork
Acorporatelogocouldbeprotectedasatrade-markandasacopyrightwork.
Uniondesproducteursagricolesv.LaVieagricole*2011CanLII43694(Que.
ConseildePresse;2011-04-29)
[7]MeHotte[attorneyforthecomplainant]s’insurgecontrel’utilisationsansdroit
dulogodel’UPA.
[8]Concernantl’utilisationd’unlogo,leConseilestimequ’iln’estpasduressortde
ladéontologiejournalistique,maisquecelarelèveplutôtdudomainedudroit
d’auteur.CommeleConseildepressenerendpasdedécisionenlamatière,le
griefn’apasététraité.
·Section2–DefinitionofBoard
TheCopyrightBoardisafederallyregulatedentityans,asnotprovinciallyregulated,
cannotbemadearespondenttoanapplicationfordiscriminationbeforetheOntario
HumanRightsTribunal.
SeguraMosquerav.UniversityofToronto*2011HRTO464(Ont.HumanRights
Trib.;2011-03-07)N.Overend
[Onapplicationunders.34oftheHumanRightsCode,R.S.O.1990,c.H.19,alleging
discriminationingoods,servicesandfacilitiesonthebasisofrace,colour,ancestry,
placeoforigin,citizenship,ethnicorigin,creed,sex,sexualorientation,maritalstatus
andage]
[18]Priortoservinganapplicationonthenamedrespondents,theTribunalwillonly
dismissitasbeingunderfederaljurisdictionwhereitisplainandobviousthatthe
mattersdonotfallwithinprovincialjurisdiction.Inthiscase,boththeCopyright
BoardofCanadaandtheCanadaHealthActDivision,iftheyareproperentities,are
partofthefederalgovernment.Aspartofthefederalgovernment,itisplainand
obviousthatthesepotentialrespondentsarenotprovinciallyregulated.Accordingly,
theTribunalhasnojurisdictiontoproceedwiththeallegationsagainstthesetwo
entities.
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·
Section2–DefinitionofBoard
ItistheCopyrightBoardthatcertifyandapprovedthetariffsestablishingtheroyalties
thatcouldbecollectedbyacollectivesocietyforthepublicperformanceoftherights
itadministers.
SocietyofComposers,AuthorsandMusicPublishersofCanadav.IICEnterprises
Ltd.(Cheetah’sNightclub),2011FC1399(F.C.;2011-12-01)LemieuxJ.
[11]Asiswellknown,SOCANisacollectivesocietyundersection67ofthe
CopyrightAct;itisauthorizedtograntlicencesforthepublicperformancein
Canadaofmusicalworksandtocollect,pursuanttosuchlicences,royaltiesorfees
sanctionedbytheCopyrightBoard.
·Section2–DefinitionofCompilation
“Wheretheformorexpressionofthecompilationisoriginalinpresentationitwillbe
givencopyrightprotection.Theimpossibilityofhavingcopyrightintheconstituent
partsdoesnotpreventthecompiledworkfrombeingprotectedbycopyright.”
HarmonyConsultingLtd.v.G.A.FossTransportLtd.,2011FC340(F.C.;2011-03-
18)HeneghanJ.
[150]Copyrightmaysubsistinacompilationwhichincludesnon-copyrightable
material.Wheretheformorexpressionofthecompilationisoriginalinpresentation
itwillbegivencopyrightprotection.Theimpossibilityofhavingcopyrightinthe
constituentpartsdoesnotpreventthecompiledworkfrombeingprotectedby
copyright.Thisdoesnotgivetheauthorcopyrightintheindividualparts,butrather
acopyrightinthecompilationasawhole;seeCCH,atparas.33–36[CCH
CanadianLtd.v.LawSocietyofUpperCanada,2004SCC13(CanLII)].
·Section2–DefinitionofComputerprogram
Copyrightprotectioninacomputerprogramisontheexpression,notthedata
content.
HarmonyConsultingLtd.v.G.A.FossTransportLtd.,2011FC340(F.C.;2011-03-
18)HeneghanJ.
[151]Inmyopinion,theownerofthecopyrightinacomputerprogramdoesnot,as
amatterofgeneralprinciple,havecopyrightintheuser’sdata,unlessthereisan
agreementtothecontrary.
·Section2–DefinitionofEveryoriginalliterary,dramatic,musicaland
artisticwork…
Ifthereisonlyoneoraverylimitednumberofwaystoachieveaparticularresultina
computerprogram,thentheprogramwillnotbeconsiderasanoriginalliterarywork.
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HarmonyConsultingLtd.v.G.A.FossTransportLtd.
,2011FC340(F.C.;2011-03-
18)HeneghanJ.
[149]Computerprogrammingthatisdictatedbytheoperatingsystemorreflects
commonprogrammingpracticesisnotoriginalexpressionandwillnotreceive
copyrightprotection;seeDelrinaCorp.v.TrioletSystemsInc.2002CanLII11389
(ONCA),(2002),58O.R.(3d)339(C.A.),atparas.52-55.
·Section2–DefinitionofEveryoriginalliterary,dramatic,musicaland
artisticwork…
Determiningwhetheraworkisoriginalisamixedquestionoffactandlaw.
Robinsonv.FilmsCinarInc.2011QCCA1361(QueC.A.;2011-07-20)
[32]Laqualificationdel’œuvreetladéterminationdesoncaractèreoriginal
constituentdesquestionsmixtesdedroitetdefait.[…]
[37]Bienentendu,lefaitqu’ils’agissed’unprojet,quin’apasétémenéàterme,
demeurepertinentetdoitêtreprisenconsidérationdanslaqualificationdel’œuvre.
Cefaitpeutrendrelatâcheplusardue,maisilneconstituepasunempêchementà
cequel’œuvresoitprotégée,danslamesureoùelleestsuffisammentdéveloppée
etdépasselesimplestadedesidées[…]
·Section2–DefinitionofEveryoriginalliterary,dramatic,musicaland
artisticwork…
Ademinimislevelofintellectualeffortwouldsufficeforaworktobeheldoriginal.
1429539OntarioLimitedv.CaféMirageInc.,2011FC1290(F.C.;2011-11-09)
MandaminJ.
[113]However,CCH[CCHCanadianLtd.vTheLawSocietyofUpperCanada,
2004SCC13]cautionsthattheexerciseofskillandjudgmentmustnotbesotrivial
thatitcouldbecharacterizedasapurelymechanicalexercise.Withregardsto
restaurantmenus,itispossibletoenvisionamenuthatislittlemorethana
standardlistoffooditemswithubiquitousdescriptions,pricesandsomeidentifying
informationsuchastherestaurant’sname,locationandstorehours.Whilethe
creationofsuchamenuwouldinevitablybeanexerciseofsomeskilland
judgmentinsofarastheauthorisrequiredtodeterminewhichitemsaretobe
included,theprices,andpossiblytheorderorgroupingoftheitems,itislessclear
whetheranexerciseofskillandjudgmentsodescribedcouldbecategorizedasa
purelymechanicalexerciseandthusnotanoriginalworkforthepurposesof
copyrightprotection.However,whereanauthordemonstratesademinimislevelof
intellectualeffortsuggestingmorethanapurelymechanicalexerciseofskilland
judgment,theresultingmenuwouldbean“original”workandprotectedunderthe
CopyrightAct.
·Section2–DefinitionofEveryoriginalliterary,dramatic,musicaland
artisticwork…
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TheFederalCourtheldthatthereisnocopyrighti
napatentclaimbecause,
presumably,itistheonlywaytodescribeaccurately,intechnicalterms,theextentof
theprotectionconferredbyapatent.[Itrefuelsanolddebate:washeldthatthe
drawingspartofapatentareprotectedmatterundertheCopyrightActbutare
unenforceablewhenthepatentisissued(1985),7C.P.R.(3d)294(F.C.T.D.),atp.
312;contraR.v.BoutinJ.E.97-1939(Que.Ct.-Crim.Div.)BabinJ.,atp.16.]
ValenceTechnology,Inc.v.PhostechLithiumInc.*2011FC174(FC;2011-02-17)
GauthierJ.[affd.2011FCA237(F.C.A.;2011-08-17)],footnotesomitted
[207]Phostechwenttogreatlengthtoestablishsomethingthatwasnotreally
contestedby
Valence,thatis,thatitspatentagenthadrecommendedthatValenceadoptinits
divisional,whichhadalreadybeenfiled,wordingwhichfollowedverycloselythat
usedintheclaimsofthe‘129Application(ortherelated‘446Application)wherever
therewassufficientmaterialintheValencedisclosuretosupportsuchchanges.
[211]TheCourtagreeswithValencethatthereisnocopyrightonclaimlanguage.
·Section2–DefinitionofEveryoriginalliterary,dramatic,musicaland
artisticwork…
Apurelymechanicalinputdoesnotmeettheoriginalitylevelforawork[hereafence]
tobeprotectedundertheCopyrightAct.
9077-6204Québecinc.v.Blanchard,2011QCCQ205(Que.Ct.;2011-01-18)
ArchambaultJ.[
214]LeTribunalestimequel’exercicedelarencontredemessieursLegaultet
Beaulieuestnégligeable,aupointdelaqualifierd’entreprisepurementmécanique
commel’ad’ailleursfaitl’expertShepparddanslesconclusionsdesonrapport;
[215]LeTribunalnevoitaucunecaractéristiqueinconnuedesconstructeurset
installateursdeclôturesouquirelèveraitd’untravailcréateurparticulierdes
demandeursapparaissantsurlapièceP-18,nidanslafaçondeconstruirela
clôturedu[…];
[219]Danslescirconstances,reconnaîtreundroitd’auteursuruneclôture
risqueraitd’aboutiretd’engendrerdenombreuxlitigessemblablesauprésentlitige
entrevoisins,entrefabricantsetinstallateursdeclôturesdontlesmodèlesse
ressembleraient,occasionnantainsidesdéboursésimportantsauxprincipaux
intéressés;
·Section2–DefinitionofInfringing
Wheretheplagiarizedpartscannotbedividedfromtheotherparts,theinjunctionwill
issueforthewhole.
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FormationetgestionPro-SantéM.R.Inc.v.Sampiet
ro2011QCCS4266(Que.Sup.
Ct.;2011-08-10)GrenierJ.
[77]Lapreuved’undroitclairetapparentaétéétablie.Commeilestimpossiblede
fractionnercequiestplagiédecequinel’estpas,l’injonctiondoitêtreémisepour
interdirelapublicationetdistributionintégralesdesdocumentsP-7,P-7a)etP-7b).
·Section2–DefinitionofInfringing
Foraworktobeinfringing,ithastoreproduceaprotectedworkorasubstantialpart
thereof.
Century21CanadaLimitedPartnershipv.RogersCommuniationsInc2011BCSC
1196(B.C.S.C.;2011-09-02)PunnettJ.
[203]Ifindthatthepracticeof[co-defendant]Zoocasa,fromitsinceptionuntil
November2008,ofindexingandcopyingtheentirepropertydescriptionwas,inthe
wordsofSlesser,L.J.inHawkes[HawkesSonLtd.v.ParamountFilmServiceLtd.,
[1934]Ch.593(Eng.C.A.)],“theindexingandcopyingofasubstantial,avital,and
anessentialpart”oftheplaintiffs’Works.
[204]ThecontinuedcopyingoftheentirepropertydescriptiontotheZoocasa
serverisaviolationofcopyright.Thetruncatedversionsofthepropertydescription
inmyviewdonotinfringecopyrightastheydonotmeetthecriteriaforsubstantial
copyingsufficientforcopyrightinfringement.
[205]Withrespecttothephotographs,Zoocasawasnotmerelycopyinga
thumbnailimageasinthecaseofKellyv.ArribaSoftCorporation,336F.3d811
(USCA,9thCircuit,2003),butrathertheentirephotograph.Thiswasaclear
violationofcopyright.
·Section2–DefinitionofInfringing
Inordertodetermineifasubstantialpartofaworkwascopied,thecourtdoesnot
havetoidentifythesubstanceoftheworkindeterminingwhetherinfringement
occurred.Itisnotthesubstanceoftheworkthatmustbecomparedtothecopy,but
theworkinitsentiretytodeterminewhetherasubstantialthereofisreproducedinthe
copy.
Robinsonv.FilmsCinarInc.2011QCCA1361(QueC.A.;2011-07-20)
[
43]Riennepermetdecroirequeletribunaldoive,dansuneétapepréalable,
dégagerlasubstancedel’œuvreauxfinsdedéterminers’ilyacontrefaçonparla
reproductiond’unepartieimportante,substantielle,del’œuvreoriginale.Agirainsi
réduiraitlecontenudel’œuvre,restreindraitindûmentlaportéedelaprotection
conféréeparlaLDAetpourraitlimiter,sansraison,l’exercicevisantàdégagerle
nombredesimilitudessusceptiblesd’êtreretenues.Cen’estdoncpaslasubstance
del’œuvrequidoitêtrecomparéeàlacopie,maisbienl’œuvredanssaglobalité
pourdéterminers’ilyareprisesubstantielledecelle-cidanslacopie.
[45]Letribunaldoitdoncs’interrogersurl’originalitédel’œuvre,sanslaquelleilne
peut,biensûr,yavoircontraventionàlaLDA.Ilprocèdeensuiteàuneanalyse
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comparativeauxfinsdedéterminers’ilyadessim
ilitudesentrel’œuvreoriginaleet
lacopie,similitudesquidoiventportersurdesaspectsquioccupentuneplace
importantedansl’ensembledel’œuvreoriginale.[…]
·Section2–DefinitionofLiterarywork
Religiousmessagesoraddressescanattractcopyrightprotectionasliteraryworks.
Khanv.Tajdin,2011FC14(F.C.;2011-01-07)HarringtonJ.
[4]AsImamoftheShiaImaniIsmailiMuslims,theAgaKhangivesadviceand
guidancetohisflock(“Jamat”)onbothreligiousandtemporalmatters.Twomeans
ofaddressfrequentlyusedare“Farmans”and“Talikas”.AFarmanisanaddress
givenbeforeanaudience.Itisrecordedandpreservedinaudioandofteninvideo
form.ATalikaisabriefwrittenreligiousmessage.
[5]TheseFarmansandTalikas(hereinafter“Farmans”)areliteraryworkswithinthe
meaningoftheCopyrightAct.TheAgaKhanhastakenactiontoasserthisrightof
ownershipandforapermanentinjunctionandotherrelieftostopthedefendants
frominfringinghisrightsbyprintinganddisseminatingabookofFarmansentitled
Farmans1957-2009–GoldenEditionKalam-E-Iman-E-Zaman(whichmeans
“WordsoftheImamoftheTime”).ThisbookisaccompaniedbyanMP3audio
bookmark,preloadedwith14audioextractsofreadingsofFarmansbytheAga
Khanhimself.
·Section2–DefinitionofLiterarywork
Worksusedforcommercialpurposesarealsoentitledtocopyrightprotectionand
propertykistingsusedonawebsite,providedtheyareoriginal,couldattractcopyright
protectionasliteraryworks.
Century21CanadaLimitedPartnershipv.RogersCommunicationsInc2011BCSC
119,(B.C.S.C.;2011-09-02)PunnetJ.
[181]Theinitialissueiswhetherthepropertydescriptionsandphotographsused
bytheplaintiffsareentitledtocopyrightprotection.Theworkmusthavesome
“literarycharacter”.Theworkmustprovide“information,instructionor…literary
enjoyment”andthe“authormustbestowsomebrainworkuponaworkandthata
workmustnotbea‘merecollectionofcopiesofpublicdocuments’”:John
McKeown,FoxCanadianLawofCopyrightandIndustrialDesigns,4thed.
looseleaf(Toronto:Carswell,2003),ats.7:4[Fox].
[183]Worksusedforcommercialpurposesarealsoentitledtocopyrightprotection.
[…]
[185]Thepropertydescriptionsdescribeparticularrealproperties.Theyare
createdtomarketthepropertytopotentialbuyers.Itisapparenttheyarewrittenfor
eachpropertyinamannertohighlightthepositiveaspectsoftheproperties.There
isalsotheevidenceof[co-plaintiffs]BilashandWaltonthatthereissomelevelof
skillinvolvedinwritinganeffectivepropertydescription.Iamsatisfiedthatthe
propertydescriptionsaretheproductofskillandjudgment.Asaresulttheymeet
thethresholdforcopyrightprotection.
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·
Section2–DefinitionofLiterarywork
Thedefinitionof”literarywork”shouldbeconstruedasillustrativeandnotexhaustive;
itshouldnotberestrictedtothedictionarymeaningoftheword”literary”sincethe
enumerationfollowingthewords”literaryworks”insection2isaddedtotheusual
sensethereof.
1429539OntarioLimitedv.CaféMirageInc.,2011FC1290(F.C.;2011-11-09)
MandaminJ.
[
99]Finally,almosteverythingexpressedinprintorwritinghasbeenheldtobe
literaryworks.TheCopyrightActliststables,computerprograms,books,
pamphlets,andwritings.Moreunusualworksincludebusinessrecords,forms,
minutesofmeetings,sudokupuzzlesandlawyers’letters:ibidat69[DavidVaver,
IntellectualPropertyLaw:Copyright,Patents,Trade-marks,2ded(Toronto:Irwin
LawInc.,2011)].
·Section2–DefinitionofLiterarywork
Plaintiffusedherknowledge,experience,expertise,teachingskills,judgmentand
abilitytodevelopadocumentuniqueinitsmodeofexpression.Shepresentedan
intelligibleandlogicalinformationandhertrainingprograminbusinessmanagement
andsecretarialdentistryqualifiesasaliterarywork
M.R.Inc.v.Sampietro2011QCCS4266(Que.Sup.Ct.;2011-08-10)GrenierJ.
[41]Toutepersonnepeutpuiseràdifférentessourcespourproduiredes
compilationsetdestableaux.C’estdansl’agencement,lamiseenpage,
l’ordonnanceetl’organisationques’exprimel’originalité,c’est-à-direl’expression
del’idée.Lamanièredes’exprimerestuneformedelangage.
[43]Lademanderessen’apasinventélaterminologieetlevocabulairequ’ellea
utilisés.Celavadesoi.Elleacrééquelquechoseàpartirduconnu.Cettecréation
estindéniable.Ilsuffitdeprendreconnaissancedel’œuvredelademanderesse
pourconstaterquecettedernièreautilisésesconnaissances,sonexpérience,son
expertise,sonsenspédagogique,sonjugementetsonhabilitépourélaborerun
documentuniquedanssonmoded’expression.Elleaprésentédefaçonintelligible
etlogiquel’informationnécessaireàlapréparationd’undiplômeensecrétariat
dentaire.Ils’agitdoncd’uneœuvrelittéraireoriginaledanslaquellesubsistaitle
droitd’auteurenregistré.
·Section2–DefinitionofLiterarywork
Achatisawrittenconversationusingwordsinfull,orabbreviated,inanelectronic
support,carriedonavirtualforum:itconstitutesawriting
Gagnév.R.*2011QCCA2157(Que.C.A.;2011-11-22)
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[19]Eneffet,leproduitdu
clavardageestuneconversationécriteutilisantdesmots,
aulongouenabrégé,sursupportélectronique,portéesurunforumvirtuel,par
exemplesurunepageWeboudirectementàl’écrandel’ordinateurdel’utilisateur.
Cenesontpasdesimplesmotsquisontperdusdèsleurexpression.Leclavardage
permetaussiàl’internautedelirecequiaétéécritprécédemment,desauvegarder
laconversationenformatélectroniqueouencoredel’imprimer.
[20]Dèsqu’unepersonneécritunmotlorsd’uneséancedeclavardage,leproduit
decettecommunicationestinscritsurunserveurousurunordinateur.Cemotpeut
êtrelu,quelquesoitsonmodedeprésentation,suivantladéfinitiondelaLoi
d’interprétation[L.R.C.(1985),c.I-21,art.35]..
[21]L’appelantprétendqu’enutilisantleterme«écrit»àl’article163.1C.cr.,le
législateurvoulaityincluredes«écrits»telsquedeslivresoudesessais,etnon
paslesconversationssousformedeclavardageentredeuxpersonnes;selonlui,
cesconversationsnesontpasdes«écrits»nides«documents».
[22]Riendanslesdispositionsdesalinéasb)etc)del’article163.1C.cr.ouencore
dansladéfinitiond’un«écrit»àl’article2C.cr.nesupportecetteprétentionde
l’appelant.D’abord,selonlesdispositionsdel’article2C.cr.,nonseulementun
«documentdequelquenaturequ’ilsoit»,maisaussi«toutematièresurlaquelle
desmotsouchiffres,aulongouenabrégé,sontécrits,imprimésouautrement
énoncés»constituentunécritet,ensuite,la«pornographiejuvénile»s’entend,
entreautres,de«toutécrit»quicorrespondàladescriptionqu’onretrouveaux
articles163.1b)etc)C.cr.
·Section2–DefinitionofMaker
Itisnothetitlethatthestatusoftheownerofthecopyrightandthemakerofa
cinematographicfilm(here,ananimatedseries)isthepersonbywhomthe
arrangementsforthemakingoftheworkareundertaken.
RobinsonvFilmsCinarInc.2011QCCA1361(Que.C.A.;2011-07-20)
[140]Letitreaccoléàunepersonnen’estpasdéterminant.Ilfautplutôtse
rattacherauxfonctionsexercéesparcelle-cietàtouteslescirconstancespour
déterminerquiestleréeltitulaired’unpouvoiroud’unecharge.
[141]Dansleprésentdossier,lespersonnesquionteffectuélesopérations
nécessairesàlaconfectiondeRobinsonSucroë,ausensdeladéfinitionprécitée
dumot«producteur»,sontFranceAnimation,CinaretRavensburger.Cesont
ellesquiontengagélepersonnelnécessaireàlaréalisationdelasérieetcesont
ellesquiontassumélaresponsabilitédelagestiondelaproductiondeRobinson
Sucroëtantsurleplanartistiquequesurleplanfinancier,telqu’ilappertdes
contratsintervenusentrelespersonnesintéressées[Fn38Ils’agitdela
ConventionN
o794entreleCENTRENATIONALDELACINÉMATOGRAPHIE
(C.N.C.)etFRANCEANIMATION–S.A.,ducontratintitulé«RobinsonSucroé»
entreRavensburgerFilm+TVetFranceAnimationetdelaCONVENTION
INTERNATIONALEETBILATÉRALEDECOPRODUCTIONentreFRANCE
ANIMATION,S.A.etLESPRODUCTIONSCINARINC./CINARPRODUCTIONS
INC.Certes,cessociétéscommercialesontagiparletruchementdedirigeantsou
d’employés.Cesderniersnesontpas,ausensjuridiqueduterme,unproducteur
commetel,maisbienlesdirigeantsetlesemployésd’unproducteur.Ils’agit
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notammentdeM.DavindanslecasdeFranceAnimati
on,deM.Weinberget
MmeCharestpourCinaretdeM.HillepourRavensburger.
·Section2–DefinitionofPhotograph
“Withrespecttothephotographsinquestion,therequirementfororiginalityislow
andcanarisefromthechoiceofsubjectmatter,thecreationofthescene,theangle
ofthephotographorotherfactors.”
Century21CanadaLimitedPartnershipv.RogersCommuniationsInc2011BCSC
1196(B.C.S.C.;2011-09-02)PunnetJ.
[187]Withrespecttothephotographsinquestion,therequirementfororiginalityis
lowandcanarisefromthechoiceofsubjectmatter,thecreationofthescene,the
angleofthephotographorotherfactors:FoxCanadianLawofCopyrightat
s.10:11(c)[JohnMcKeown,FoxCanadianLawofCopyright,3ded.(Carswell:
Scarborough,Ont.,2000)].Again,Iamsatisfiedthattheysatisfytheoriginality
requirementsoftheCopyrightActandtheyareentitledtocopyrightprotection.
·Section2–DefinitionofSoundrecording
A“soundrecording”isnota“phonogram”andreferencetoadefinitionfoundinan
InternationalConventiontoascertainthemeaningofatermdefinedintheCanadian
CopyrightActisnotwarrranted.
Re:Soundv.MotionPictureTheatreAssociationofCanada,2011CarswellNat429,
(FCA;2011-02-25)TrudelJ.[affirming2009CarswellNat2889(Cop.Bd.;2009-00-
16);leavetoappealtotheSupremeCourtofCanadagranted2011CanLII56032
(S.C.C.;2011-09-08)]
[13]TheapplicantalsoraisedanargumentbasedontheincompatibilitywithArticle10
oftheRomeConventionwhichprovidesthattheproducersofphonogramsenjoythe
righttoauthorizeorprohibitthedirectorindirectreproductionoftheirphonograms.
ThisargumentfailstoconsiderthattheRomeConventiondefines“phonograms”as
anyexclusivelyauralfixationofsounds(Article3,paragraph(b)),andthat
consequentlya“fixationofimages(e.g.,cinema)orofimagesandsounds(e.g.,
television)arethereforeexcluded”(WIPOGuidetotheRomeConventionsection3.7).
Therefore,IfindnoreasontointerferewiththeBoard’sconclusion.
·Section2–DefinitionofTelecommunication
“Telecommunication”meansanytransmissionofsigns,signals,writing,imagesor
soundorintelligenceofanynaturebywire,radio,visual,opticalorother
electromagneticsystem”:itconnotesasenderandareceiver.
UnitedStatesofAmericav.Orphanou*2011ONCA612(Ont.C.A.;2011-09-27)
CronkJ.
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[11]Theword“telecommunication”isnotdefinedund
ertheAct.However,itis
usedinvariousprovisionsanddefinedins.326(2)ofthe[Criminal]Code.Section
326(2)oftheCodeconcernstheoffenceof“theftoftelecommunicationservice”.It
defines“telecommunication”as“anytransmission,emissionorreceptionofsigns,
signals,writing,imagesorsoundsorintelligenceofanynaturebywire,radio,
visual,orotherelectromagneticsystem”.Section35oftheInterpretationAct,R.S.C.
1985,c.I-21,s.2oftheCopyrightAct,R.S.C.1985,c.C-42,ands.2(1)ofthe
TelecommunicationsAct,S.C.1993,c.38allcontainvirtuallyidenticaldefinitions
oftheterms“telecommunication”and“telecommunications”:DAKHOURY(Aliaa
Ibrahim)PresentattheCreation:TheTelecommissionStudiesandtheIntellectual
OriginsoftheRighttoCommunicateinCanada(1969-71)PhDThesis(Carleton,
ON:CarletonUniversity-SchoolofJournalismandCommunication,2008)
[12]InR.v.McLaughlin,1980CanLII212(SCC),[1980]2S.C.R.331,the
SupremeCourtofCanadaconsideredthemeaningof“telecommunication”forthe
purposeoftheoffenceoffraudulentuseofatelecommunicationfacility,
establishedunderapredecessorversionoftheCode.JusticeEstey,atp.341,ina
comparisonsimilartothecaseathand,statedthat:“[t]akentooliterally,the
language[oftheoffenceoffraudulentuseofatelecommunicationfacility]may,of
course,embracetheoperationofasimpleXeroxmachinesinceitresultsinthe
transferofopticalimagesfromonepoint(theitembeingprinted)toanotherpoint
(theblanksheetofpaperonwhichtheitemisprinted),butitwouldhardlyfallwithin
theordinaryusageofthelanguagetoclassifysuchadeviceorsystemasbeinga
telecommunicationfacility.”
[13]JusticeEsteythencontinuedatp.341:ThetermtelecommunicationasdefinedintheCriminalCode[R.S.C.1970,
c.C-34,s.287]connotesasenderandareceiver.Thecomputer,beinga
computingdevice,contemplatestheparticipationofoneentityonly,namely,
theoperator.Inasense,hecommunicateswithhimself,butitcouldhardly
besaidthattheoperatorbyoperatingtheterminalorconsoleofthe
computeristherebycommunicatinginformationinthesenseoftransmitting
informationandhenceitstretchesthelanguagebeyondrealitytoconclude
thatapersonusingacomputeristherebyusingatelecommunicationfacility
inthesenseoftheCriminalCode.[Fn1McLaughlininvolvedanindividual
whowaschargedwiththefraudulentuseofatelecommunicationfacility
withoutcolourofrightafterusingacomputertoobtainaccesstointernal
programscontainedwithinthesamecomputer.TheSupremeCourt
essentiallyheldthatastheuseofthecomputerforthispurposedidnot
involvethe“transmission”ofinformation,thatis,a“telecommunication”,the
offencewasnotmadeout.]
.
[14]Asimilarmeaningisattributedtotheword“telecommunication”ingeneraland
specializeddictionaries.Forexample,bothTheOxfordEnglishDictionary,2ded.
andTheConciseOxfordEnglishDictionarydefine“telecommunication”as
involvingcommunicationoveradistancebyvariouselectricalandothermeans
(e.g.cable,telegraph,telephone,broadcasting).Typically,theproductionofa
writtendocumentbymeansofaphotocopierdoesnotinvolvecommunicationover
adistancebyelectricalorothermeans.
·Section2–DefinitionofWork
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Asafulldomainnamemaynotexceedatotallength
of253charactersinitsexternal
dotted-labelspecification,onemaywonderinwhatcircumstancesadomainname
willhavetherequiredoriginalitytobeprotectedundertheCanadianCopyrightAct.
Tucows.ComCo.v.LojasRennerS.A.*,2011ONCA548(Ont.C.A.;2011-08-05)
[45]Theregistrantofadomainnamehasaservicecontractwitharegistrar.A
domainname,however,caninfringeupontrademarksorcopyrightsinawaythat
otherservicecontractscannot:DanielHancock,“YouCanHaveIt,ButCanYou
HoldIt?TreatingDomainNamesasTangibleProperty”(2011)99Ky.L.J.185,at
pp.193-94.
ICopyrightandMoralRightsinWorks·Section3(1)–Copyrightinworks[Exclusiverights]
TheCopyrightActcouldbeadaptedtonewsituations.
Century21CanadaLimitedPartnershipv.RogersCommuniationsInc,2011BCSC
1196(B.C.S.C.;2011-09-02)PunnettJ.
[1]Theabilityofthelawtoadaptispartofitsstrength.Technologicalinnovation
teststhatresilience.Thiscaseconsidersthatabilityasclaimsforbreachof
contract,trespasstochattelsandcopyrightinfringementmeettheInternet.Atthe
rootofthislawsuitisthelegitimacyofindexingpublicallyaccessiblewebsites.
·Section3(1)–Copyrightinworks[Exclusiverights]
Actsofcopyrightinfringementsmayvaryaccordingtothejurisdictionofalleged
infringementanddefencesmaynotbethesamefromonejurisdictiontoanother.
Perfect10,Inc.v.Google,Inc.,2011FC348(F.C.;2011-03-21)PhelanJ.[affirming
UnreportedT-1591-09(F.C.-Prot.;2010-07-15)]
[11]IntheCanadianactioninthisCourt,Perfect10allegescopyrightinfringement
againstGoogleUSandGoogleCArelatedtotheiractionsandserviceinCanada.
TheallegationisthatGoogleUSofferssearchfunctionsthroughitssiteswhich
directlyand/orindirectlyreproduceinfringingcopiesoftheimagesinwhichPerfect
10claimscopyright.Perfect10allegesthatGoogleCAsellsadvertisinginCanada
ontheGoogleUSsiteandbothGooglecompaniesreproduce,distributeand
communicatecopiesofPerfect10’smaterialsinCanada.
[12]TheinfringingconductisallegedtooccurinCanadaandconstitutesbreaches
ofs.27(1),(2)(b)-(e),and3(1)(a),(b)oftheCanadianCopyrightAct.
[13]OnJuly15,2010,theLearnedProthonotarydismissedtheDefendants’
motion,thecriticalfindingsbeing: thecopyrightinfringementclaimsineitherjurisdictionareinrespectofrights
underseparatenationallegislativeschemes;
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